

Solution: Ride-on Raking Machine

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	Description:	Raking is a step in the process of installing concrete. After the concrete is poured, rakes are used to spread the concrete evenly to the desired site before screeding and other finishing processes can take place. Raking is typically done manually, but a ride-on raking machine automates the process. The operator stands at the back of the PowerRake® and uses joystick controls to move the hydraulic powered rake. The PowerRake® easily spreads wet concrete as it is poured from the truck. More Detail
	Risks Addressed:	A ride-on raking machine reduces stressful hand and wrist activity, and decreases the amount of time spent in stooped and awkward postures. Using this machine also decreases the repetitive stress that is placed on the upper body during manual raking.
	How Risks are Reduced:	Raking is typically a repetitive task, and involves pulling and pushing heavy concrete into place. The workers are placed in awkward postures, including forward bent and rotated positions. A ride-on raking machine minimizes the need for manual raking.
	Quality of Evidence (Risk Reduction):	Independent published studies have found a risk reduction. Manufacturers, vendors, or worksites have reported a risk reduction. Safety and health experts believe there is a risk reduction.
	Quality of Evidence Explanation (Risk Reduction):	Independent studies have shown that forward bent and rotated postures are risk factors for developing low back pain. These postures are especially harmful when they are repetitive and involve handling heavy loads. Pushing and pulling concrete into place also puts extra force on the hand and wrist. Excessive force has been shown to be the primary factor associated with hand and wrist pain. Incidentally, one company that purchased the PowerRake® felt there was a reduced risk of injury. The reported ‘back-breaking’ work of placing concrete was minimized.
	Effects on Productivity:	According to the manufacturer, the PowerRake® increases productivity on concrete projects by decreasing the amount of time and labor needed for raking.
	Quality of Evidence (Effects on Productivity):	Manufacturers or vendors have reported an increase in productivity. Safety and health experts believe there is an increase in productivity.
	Quality of Evidence Explanation (Effects on Productivity):	According to the manufacturer, worksites report increased productivity during a concrete pour when using the PowerRake®. Fewer workers are needed to complete any given project. The cost of the machine may initially decrease productivity, but contractors state that the machine will quickly pay for itself. There will be decreased labor costs, and surplus workers can be assigned to additional jobsites.
	Return on Investment:	To calculate the return on investment (ROI) for your specific application, please visit our Return on Investment Calculator. While a specific ROI example has not been developed for this particular solution, the ROI Calculator provides a useful tool and guidance on how to generate your own on investment analysis.
	Availability:	Somero Enterprises, Inc www.somero.com
	Additional Considerations:	The design of the PowerRake® does not include a seat and requires the operator to stand during the entire raking process. An operator should be educated on neutral standing posture and take frequent breaks to avoid fatigue.
	Contributors:	Dan Anton, PT, PhD, ATC and Cassie Malecha, DPT – Eastern Washington University
	Hazards Addressed:	Masonry, Tile, Cement & Plaster Spread, level, and smooth concrete, mortar, or terrazzo mixtures Stressful hand & wrist activity