

Solution: Hand-held Surface Grinders with Vacuum Dust Control

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Description:

Surface grinders are often used to smooth poured concrete surfaces after the forms have been removed. Grinding concrete generates a large amount of dust which is likely to contain high levels of crystalline silica and creates a hazard for everyone in the vicinity. Vacuum dust controls exist for surface grinders. These controls consist of a vacuum, with a disposable filter (a high efficiency particulate air, HEPA, filter is often an option and recommended where practical), attached to a shroud that is compatible with the grinder and partially encloses the blade. The vacuum draws air and dust from the blade, the point of dust generation, into the shroud where it is transported through tubing into the vacuum's bag or reservoir. Cyclonic pre-separators, either as an integral part of the vacuum or as a separate unit, should be used to collect the majority of the particles before they reach the filters. The use of a cyclonic pre-separator reduces the amount of dust that collects on the filter, which increases the useful life of expensive filters and helps to maintain the vacuum’s initial airflow rate.

Pearl Abrasive Company Vacu-Guard dust containment systems for angle grinders

Used with a variety of angle grinders and vacuums to reduce dust levels while grinding concrete surfaces
Compatible with most Dewalt, Black & Decker, Bosch, Makita, Metabo, Milwaukee and Hitachi grinders (must specify grinder make and model when ordering)
Optional carbide wear pads protect sliding surface from excessive wear, thus increase useful life
Constructed of durable and light-weight aluminum

Models	Costs	Maximum Blade Diameter, inches	Vacuum Take-Off Diameter, inches
Vacu-Guard Standard	$133	4-1/2	1-1/2
Vacu-Guard Standard	$178	7	2
Vacu-Guard with Carbide Protection	$162	4-1/2	1-1/2
Vacu-Guard with Carbide Protection	$211	7	2

(verified 11/2009)

Hilti DG 150 Diamond Grinder System with Power Conditioner

Used for concrete and mineral surface grinding
Cost: $2,004 (verified 11/2009)
Power requirements: 120 volts, 15 amps
Vacuum take-off diameter: 1.42 inches (36 millimeters)
Weight: 9 pounds
Wheel speed (no load): 4,700 and 6,600 RPM
Sound pressure level: 88 dBA (OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limit for an 8-hour time-weighted average is 90 dBA; at 85 dBA employees must be enrolled in a hearing conservation program)

Hilti VC 40-U wet/dry vacuum cleaner

Available models: the "HEPA Vacuum Set" and the "Universal Vacuum." The filter that comes with the "Universal Vacuum" model removes less than 95 percent of particles compared to 99.97 percent captured by a HEPA filter. The "HEPA Vacuum Set" is recommended and should be used in combination with fleece bags to extend the useful life of the filter.
Cost: $962 (with “HEPA Vacuum Set”) (verified 11/2009)
Cost: package of 5 replacement fleece bags: $63 (verified 11/2009)
Air flow rate (maximum): 129 cubic feet per minute
Length of vacuum hose: 16.4 feet
Dust capacity: 9.5 gallons or 88 pounds
Weight: 32.2 pounds
Filter cleaning: automatic, every 15 seconds
Power requirements: 120 volts, 10 amps

Dustcontrol, Inc. suction casings for diamond cup grinding discs

Used with a variety of angle grinders and vacuums to reduce dust levels while grinding concrete surfaces
Compatible with most angle grinders (must specify blade diameter, mounting collar diameter and mounting collar to grinding surface height when ordering)

Model Number	Costs	Maximum Blade Diameter, inches	Mounting Collar Diameter, inches	Mounting Collar to Grinding Surface Height, inches	Vacuum Take-Off Diameter, inches
6681	$202	4-1/2	1.6 to 1.9	1.9 to 2.1	1-1/4
6682	$202	5	1.9 to 2.8	1.9 to 2.8	1-1/4
6673	$226	6	3	1.5 to 2.4	1-1/4
6683	$226	7	2.1 to 2.4	2.5 to 2.8	1-1/2
6684	$226	7	2.4 to 2.6 and 2.9 to 3	2.5 to 3.4	1-1/2

Dustcontrol, Inc. Single Phase Dust Extractors

Filtration: cyclonic separator, a fine filter, rated to remove 99.9 percent of particles, followed by a HEPA filter, rated to remove 99.95 percent of 0.3 micron particles
Features a “reverse air pulse cleaning system”
Features a lamp that indicates significant loss of air flow (all models except DC 1800)
When ordering Model DC 2800c specify a “rental” unit to receive an operation timer and inlet plug for a negative pressure gauge that can be used to monitor air flow
Vacuum hose inlet diameter: 2 inches
Sound pressure level: 68 to 75 dBA

Models	Costs	Air Flow Rates, cubic feet per minute	Maximum Static Pressure, inches of water	Hose Diameter, inches	Dust Capacity, gallons	Vacuum Power Requirements	Vacuum Weight, pounds
DC 1800*	$997	114	84	1.5	4	115 volts, 10.4 amps	22
DC 2800c*	$1,886	114	84	1.5	5	115 volts, 10.4 amps	31
DC 3800c**	$3,645	192	84	2	5	115 volts, 20 amps	77
DC 3800c Twin	$4,785	192	84	2	10.5 for both bags	115 volts, 20 amps	120

(verified 11/2009)

*recommended for tools with up to 5-inch blades

** recommended for tools with up to 9-inch blades

Dustcontrol, Inc. DC 3800 Three Phase Dust Extractors

Recommended for use with jack hammers, saws and grinders with up to 9-inch disks and up to 65 feet of hose.
Filtration: cyclonic separator, a 19.5 square foot fine filter, rated to remove 99.9 percent of particles, followed by a 16.2 square foot HEPA filter, rated to remove 99.995 percent of 0.3 micron particles
Features a “reverse air pulse cleaning system”
Features a lamp that indicates significant loss of air flow
Air flow rate: 156 cubic feet per minute
Maximum static pressure: 120 inches of water
Vacuum hose inlet diameter: 2 inches
Sound pressure level: 75 dBA

Models	Costs	Hose Diameter, inches	Dust Capacity, gallons	Vacuum Power Requirements (all are 3 phase)	Vacuum Weight, pounds
DC 3800c Turbo	$4,995	1.5 and 2	10.5	230 or 460 volts, 13 or 6.5 amps	137
DC 3800c Twin Turbo	$5,996	2	Two 10.5 bags	230 or 460 volts, 10.9 or 5.4 amps	179

(verified 11/2009)

Dustcontrol, Inc. DC 5800 Three Phase Dust Extractors

Recommended for use with two handheld grinders or one floor grinder.
Filtration: cyclonic separator, a 90.4 square foot fine filter (DC 5800 PTFE has a 53.8 square foot Teflon filter which is ideal for concrete dust), rated to remove 99.9 percent of particles, followed by a 26.9 square foot HEPA filter, rated to remove 99.995 percent of 0.3 micron particles
Features a “reverse air pulse cleaning system”
Features a lamp that indicates significant loss of air flow
Vacuum hose inlet diameter: 2 inches
Dust capacity: 15.5 gallons in plastic bags
Sound pressure level: 75 dBA

Models	Costs	Maximum Air Flow Rate, cubic feet per minute	Maximum Static Pressure, inches of water	Vacuum Hose Inlet Diameter, inches	Vacuum Power Requirements (all are 3 phase)	Vacuum Weight, pounds
DC 5800c 10 HP	$9,793	353	124	3	460 volts, 16.3 amps	419
DC 5800c 18.5 HP S	$11,925	330	181	4-1/4	460 volts, 23.9 amps	440
DC 5800c PTFE	$11,376	353	124	3	230 volts, 32.6 amps or 460 volts, 16.3 amps	419

(verified 11/2009)

Compatible Blastrac vacuums: BDC-1216, BDC-1324 and BDC-165P

Filtration: main filter removes 99.7 percent of particles, a HEPA filter kit can be purchased for $482 and replacement HEPA filters can be purchased for $329

Models	Costs	Air Flow Rates, cubic feet per minute	Maximum Static Pressure, inches of water	Dust Capacity, gallons	Dust Capacity, pounds	Vacuum Power Requirements	Vacuum Weight, pounds
BDC-1216*	$1,695	180	80	10.5	90	120 volts, 17 amps	75
BDC-1324	$3,100	282	80	10.5	90	120 volts, 20 amps	77
BDC-165P	$7,100	325	71	Not available	243	Gasoline, 6.5 horsepower	200

(verified 11/2009)

*Blastrac technical support staff has indicated that while the BDC-1216 works with the above mentioned grinders, the larger vacuums have significantly greater flow rates and provided noticeably better dust collection.

CS Unitec/FLEX LD1509FRD 5-inch lightweight concrete grinder with dust collection shroud

Used to remove epoxy, paint, mastic, mud and other coatings from concrete surfaces
Cost: $604 (with premium diamond grinding wheel) (verified 11/2009)
Power Requirements: 120 volts, 11 amps
Maximum blade diameter: 5 inches
Maximum blade speed: 10,000 RPM
Vacuum take-off diameter: 1-1/4 inches
Weight: 6 pounds
Sound pressure level: Not available but likely to exceed 90 dBA (OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limit for an 8-hour time-weighted average)

Compatible CS Unitec, Inc. vacuums: CS 1225 and CS 1500

Air flow rate: 130 cubic feet per minute
Water lift: 98 inches
Available bags:
- Plastic is ideal for concrete dust
- Paper is ideal for general debris
- Water permeable is ideal for concrete slurry
Power requirements: 120 volts, 11 amps
Filtration: standard filter removes 99.93 percent of 3.0 micron particles, HEPA filter can be purchased for $387

Models	Costs	Dust Capacity, gallons	Vacuum Weight, pounds
CS 1225	$597	6.6	24.3
CS 1500	$775	13	31

(verified 11/2009)

Industrial Contractors Supply (ICS), Inc. Surface Grinding Dust Shrouds

Used with a handheld grinder to reduce dust during the grinding and polishing of concrete
Compatible with most Metabo, Hitachi, Makita, Bosch, Ryobi and Dewalt grinders (must specify grinder make and model when ordering)
Constructed of durable steel with adjustable rubber seal along the edge
Vacuum take-off diameter: 2 inches
Sound pressure level: Not available but likely to exceed 90 dBA (OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limit for an 8-hour time-weighted average)

Models	Costs	Blade Diameter Range, inches
7-inch Surface Edging Dust Guard	$320	7 to 9
5-inch Surface Corner Dust Guard	$235	4.5 to 5

Industrial Contractors Supplies, Inc. vacuums

Maximum static pressure: 97 inches of water

Model	Costs	Air Flow Rate, cubic feet per minute	Dust Capacity, pounds	Vacuum Power Requirements	Sound Pressure Level, dBA
Kut-N-Go	$520	136	40	120 volts, 8.5 amps	67
DC-1-MOTOR	$600	136	60	120 volts, 8.5 amps	67
DC-2-MOTOR	$880	271	120	120 volts, 17.5 amps	78
DC-3-MOTOR	$1,170	407	120	120 volts, 19.5 amps	79

(verified 11/2009)

Industrial Contractors Supplies, Inc. 30 Gallon HD Poly Cyclone Separator

Cyclonic separator that can be connected to ICS DC-2-MOTOR or DC-3-MOTOR vacuums to remove larger particles and increase the time between changing vacuum bags and filters.
Cost: $550 (verified 11/2009)
Dust capacity: 140 pounds

Dustless Technologies DustBuddie Dust Containment Shroud for hand grinders

Used with a handheld grinder for dust collection during surface grinding
Cost: $100 (verified 11/2009)
DustBuddie D1835 fits most 4 to 5 inch hand grinders, DustBuddie D1850 fits most 6 to 9 inch grinders
Vacuum take-off diameter: 2 inches (with adapter)
Constructed from light weight, see-thru, polycarbonate plastic
Sound pressure level: Not available but likely to exceed 90 dBA (OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limit for an 8-hour time-weighted average)

Bosch Dust Extraction Attachments for Surface Grinders

Used with handheld grinders to reduce dust during concrete surface grinding
Vacuum take-off diameter: 1-5/8 inches
Bosch grinders compatible with dust extraction attachment 18SG-5E: 1800, 1801, 1803EVS, 1806E, 1810PS, 1810PSD, 1811PS, 1811PSD, 1821 and 1821D
Bosch grinders compatible with dust extraction attachment 18SG-7: 1853-5, 1853-6, 1873-6, 1873-8, 1873-8D, 1893-6, 1893-6D, 1894-6 and 1894-6D

Models	Costs	Wheel Diameters, inches	Weight, pounds
18SG-5E	$50 to $76	4, 4-1/2 and 5	0.5
18SG-7	$100 to $180	7	1.75

(verified 11/2009)

Bosch Airsweep™ Wet/Dry Vacuum

Cost: $530 (verified 11/2009)
Air flow rate: 130 cubic feet per minute
Water lift: 100 inches
Power requirements: 120 volts, 11 amps
Weight: 42 pounds
Filtration: standard set of two filters remove 99.93 percent of 3.0 micron particles, set of HEPA filter can be purchased for approximately $200
Sounds pressure level: 69 dBA

Pullman-Ermator single phase electric dust extractors

Filtration: cyclonic separator, coarse filter and HEPA filter capable of removing 99.97% of 0.3 micron particles (the most penetrating size)
Sound pressure level: 75 dBA or less (OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limit for an 8-hour time-weighted average is 90 dBA)

Models	Costs	Air Flow Rates, cubic feet per minute	Static Pressure, inches of water	Dust Collection	Filter Area (coarse/HEPA), square feet**	Horse power	Power Requirements	Weight, pounds
S1200	$2,061	118	90	Longopac® bag system*	6.6/9.1	1.7	120 volts, 9.6 amps or 230 volts, 4.4 amps	62
S1300	$1,559	118	90	3.4 gallons	16/9.1	1.7	120 volts, 9.6 amps or 230 volts, 4.4 amps	62
S2400	$2,479	235	90	Longopac® bag system*	11/18.34	3.4	120 volts, 19.2 amps or 230 volts, 8.8 amps	62
S2800	$2,210	235	90	9.8 gallons	11/18	3.5	120 volts, 8.8 amps	99

(verified 11/2009)

* Longopac® bag system uses a 70 foot long plastic tube that is divided and sealed at the desired length

** Greater area allows more time between filter cleaning or replacement

Pullman-Ermator three phase electric dust extractors

Filtration: cyclonic separator, coarse filter and HEPA filter capable of removing 99.97% of 0.3 micron particles
Dust collection: Longopac® bag system which uses a 70 foot long plastic tube that is divided and sealed at the desired length
Sound pressure level: 75 dBA or less (OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limit for an 8-hour time-weighted average is 90 dBA)

Models	Costs	Air Flow Rates, cubic feet per minute	Static Pressure, inches of water	Available Hose Diameters, inches	Filter Area (coarse/HEPA), square feet*	Horsepower	Power Requirements	Weight, pounds
T3000	$5,091	153	125	2	23/6.6	4.8	230 volts, 7.5 amps	183
T3500	$7,386	188	125	2 or 3	15.1/26.9	4.8	230 volts, 7.5 amps	313
T7500	$10,603	353	110	2 or 3	24.8/53.8	10.4	230 volts, 24.2 amps	417
T8600	$9,928	353	110	2 or 3	24.8/53.8	10.4	480 volts, 11.9 amps	439
T12600	$14,726	647	110	3	41/108	17.4	480 volts, 21 amps	716

(verified 11/2009)

* Greater area allows more time between filter cleaning or replacement

Pullman-Ermator cyclonic pre-separators

Remove approximately 90 percent of particulate and can be used with Pullman-Ermator or other dust extractors
Dust collection: Longopac® bag system which uses a 70 foot long plastic tube that is divided and sealed at the desired length

Models	Costs	Inlet Diameter, inches	Weight, pounds
C3000	$1,001	2	49
C5500	$1,912	3	130

(verified 11/2009)

More Detail

Risks Addressed:

Silica dust exposure may cause silicosis or lung scarring with prolonged exposure. Silicosis is an incurable, sometimes fatal, disease. The NIOSH-recommended exposure limit (REL) is 0.05 mg/m³ as a time-weighted average concentration for up to a 10-hour workday during a 40-hour workweek. This is one-half of the OSHA standard when the dust is pure silica, but still twice the ACGIH-recommended threshold limit value (TLV) of 0.025 mg/m³. Silica has also been associated with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

How Risks are Reduced:

The shrouds partially enclose the blades of the grinders and have a connection for a vacuum system. When a vacuum system is connected to the shroud, air is drawn into the shroud and past the blade, capturing dust and silica at the point of dust generation. These systems capture dust and silica near the source, reducing concentrations in the worker's breathing zone and his or her exposure, as long as the vacuum provides an adequate air velocity to capture rapidly moving particles of dust and silica near the source, concentrations in the worker's breathing zone and his or her exposure will be reduced. For continuous use, a respiratory protection program and respirators may be required.

Quality of Evidence (Risk Reduction):

Independent published studies have found a risk reduction.
Manufacturers, vendors, or worksites have reported a risk reduction.
Safety and health experts believe there is a risk reduction.

Quality of Evidence Explanation (Risk Reduction):

In an evaluation of a Vacu-Guard shroud with a Dustcontrol 2700c vacuum, Echt and Sieber reported 8-hour TWA quartz exposures ranged from 0.036 mg/m³ to 0.13 mg/m³,” or from 1.4 to 5.2 times the current ACGIH TLV of 0.025 mg/m³. While still greater than the TLV, these exposures represent a significant reduction compared to uncontrolled exposures reported in the literature.

In an evaluation of a Hilti DG 150 6-inch grinder with a Hilti VCD 50 vacuum, Akbar-Khanzadeh et al. observed greater than 99 percent reduction in respirable silica with an average concentration of 0.155 mg/m³ or 6 times the ACGIH TLV.

In an evaluation of engineering controls, Croteau et al. observed 70 to 95 percent reductions in respirable dust, compared to use of no control, during the use of a surface grinder with local exhaust ventilation.

Effects on Productivity:

Echt and Sieber concluded that there was “a learning curve associated with the use of the vacuum cleaner and shroud” but “the tasks of changing bags and cleaning the vacuum cleaner filter do not seem to interfere with the productivity of the concrete finisher.” They also stated that use of the vacuum system reduced cleanup required by other trades and allowed them to work in the vicinity of the concrete finishers.

Vacuum dust control systems can have either positive or negative effects on productivity, but definitely improve the quality of the work by capturing large amounts of airborne dust, which allows a cleaner, more efficient means of removing mortar.

Dust capture also reduces site cleanup times. Dust capture avoids exposing other workers, members of the public, adjacent property, cars and building occupants, which can increase liability and time-consuming disputes. Improved worker comfort is a result of reduced airborne dust which may in turn result in less fatigue for the worker and greater productivity. In some cases, particularly where grinder use is intermittent, vacuum dust control may be adequate to reduce the need to wear a respirator, and the need for an employer respiratory protection program.

Some additional issues should be considered. Changing vacuum bags takes time, which will depend on the amount of cutting being done and the size of the vacuum bag or hopper. Workers will need to adapt to working with a vacuum hose attached to the tool. Grinder and vacuum energy requirements may exceed the capacity of a single standard 20 amp circuit when combined requiring access to two circuits or special wiring.

Quality of Evidence (Effects on Productivity):

Independent published studies have found an increase in productivity.
Manufacturers or vendors have reported an increase in productivity.
Safety and health experts believe there is an increase in productivity.

Quality of Evidence Explanation (Effects on Productivity):

While there is limited information on productivity from manufacturers or independent studies, safety and health experts believe the use of these controls will lead to an increase in productivity. Increases in productivity are based on one independent study, manufacturers' claims and safety and health experts’ belief that the controls will reduce dust-related hazards and provide a cleaner work environment.

Return on Investment:

To calculate the return on investment (ROI) for your specific application, please visit our Return on Investment Calculator. While a specific ROI example has not been developed for this particular solution, the ROI Calculator provides a useful tool and guidance on how to generate your own on investment analysis.

Availability:

Pearl Abrasive Company Vacu-Guard dust containment systems for angle grinders
For purchasing information visit http://www.pearlabrasive.com/ or contact 1-800-969-5561 or by e-mail

Hilti DG 150 Diamond Grinder System with Power Conditioner and vacuum
For purchasing information visit http://www.hilti.com or contact 1-423-234-2111

Dustcontrol, Inc. suction casings and dust extractors

For purchasing information visit http://www.dustcontrol.com/ or contact 1-910-395-1808 or sales@dustcontrolusa.com

Blastrac 5-inch Tuc-Pointer and vacuums

For purchasing information visit http://www.blastrac.com/ or contact 1-800-256-3440 or by e-mail

CS Unitec/FLEX LD1509FRD 5-inch lightweight concrete grinder 5-inch with dust collection shroud and vacuums

For purchasing information contact 1-800-700-5919 or info@csunitec.com

Industrial Contractors Supply (ICS), Inc. Dust Director Shroud, Vacuums and Cyclone Separator

Industrial Contractors Supplies, Inc. or 412-824-6933 or trs@icscompany.net

Dustless Technologies DustBuddie Dust Director

Bosch 5-inch Tuckpoint Grinder with Dust Extraction Port and Vacuum

http://www.dustlesstechnologies.com/dealers.php or 1-800-568-3949

Bosch Surface Grinders and Vacuums

Locate a Bosch store at http://www.boschtools.com/WheretoBuy/StoreLocator/Pages/default.aspx

Locate a distributor at http://www.boschtools.com/WheretoBuy/OnlinePartners/Pages/default.aspx

Bosch Dust Extraction Attachments for Model 18SG-5E Surface Grinders

Ace Tool, Inc., Ohio Power Tool and Amazon.com, Inc.

Bosch Dust Extraction Attachments for Model 18SG-7 Surface Grinders

Ohio Power Tool, Amazon.com, Inc. and ToolFetch.com

Bosch Airsweep™ Wet/Dry Vacuum

ToolBarn.com, Inc., Tool Authority and International Tool Corporation

Additional Considerations:

Ventilation for construction tools is often misunderstood. There are some key concepts that can help:

The vacuum must be located as close to the dust generation as possible to be effective. A shroud may be needed to contain the dust so the vacuum can capture it. The shroud must be kept as close to the work surface as is practical to provide adequate dust capture. The shroud should be connected to the vacuum with 2-inch, or greater, diameter tubing with a relatively smooth interior.
The particles that can do the most damage in the lungs are small enough to penetrate the filters found on many shop vacuums. Additionally, some inexpensive shop vacuums pull the dust through the motors, which can destroy the vacuum on really dusty jobs, eliminating any initial cost savings.
For dust containing harmful particles like silica, it is important to use as high efficiency filters as practical. The best available are called HEPA (High Efficiency Particle Air) filters because they capture 99.97% of the most penetrating particles. But HEPA filters also create a greater pressure drop and decrease in air flow rate because it is more difficult to pull air through these denser filters so capture velocity may be reduced. They also require pre-filters to extend the life of the HEPA filters, which are more expensive than other filters. Studies have shown that it may be more effective to direct the exhaust air out of the work area than to attempt to add HEPA filtration for a tool where it isn't an integral part already. HEPAs require routine cleaning or disposal of prefilters, which can cause exposures to those performing the filter maintenance.
For operations that generate large amounts of dust, cyclonic collection units, if available, may be the best solution. Rather than require more expensive filters and bags that must be frequently changed, cyclonic units spin the particles and drop them into cheap bags that need to be replaced far less frequently because loading of the bags does not cause a pressure drop.
Vacuum performance must be monitored on a regular basis. A vacuum with a pressure gauge allows for frequent and easy monitoring of air flow. For high dust generating tasks, dust caked on the filter may reduce flow to a level where it no longer provides adequate dust capture. Automatic and manual filter shakers, coarse pre-filters and cyclonic collections units are available with some vacuums and may help maintain the air flow rate.

Large electric vacuums commonly require 20 amp electrical circuits in addition to the 20 amp circuit used for the electric grinder. Cords and extensions must be rated for the tool's power requirements, be inspected regularly, replaced when damaged, and used in combination with ground fault interrupt circuits.

The use of gasoline-powered equipment poses the risk of carbon monoxide exposure, particularly in areas where airflow is reduced. Steps to control exposure are important because the gas is invisible, odorless and tasteless. Small, inexpensive personal monitors should be worn by the operator to warn of unacceptable exposures. When working in an enclosed area, it is preferable to use an electronic power tool as opposed to gasoline in order to avoid carbon monoxide over exposures.

Grinders frequently generate sound levels that are greater than 90 decibels, the OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL), and hazardous. Hearing protection should be worn when using surface grinders unless an industrial hygienist has conducted noise monitoring and indicated that hearing protection is not required.

As is the case with any construction equipment, users should follow manufacturer safety recommendations and comply with any applicable local, state or federal regulations.

Hazards Addressed:

Pipes & Vessels
- Cut and drill holes in structures prior to pipe installation
  - Construction dust
  - Silica
- Cut, thread, hammer and bend pipes and vessel tubes
  - Construction dust
  - Silica